Published Paper
Inserted: 2 may 2021
Last Updated: 22 feb 2024
Journal: Journal de l'École Polytechnique
Volume: 11
Pages: pp. 431-472
Year: 2024
Doi: 10.5802/jep.257
Abstract:
We consider first order local minimization problems of the form $\min \int_{\mathbb{R}^N}f(u,\nabla u)$ under a mass constraint $\int_{\mathbb{R}^N}u=m$. We prove that the minimal energy function $H(m)$ is always concave, and that relevant rescalings of the energy, depending on a small parameter $\varepsilon$, $\Gamma$-converge towards the $H$-mass, defined for atomic measures $\sum_i m_i\delta_{x_i}$ as $\sum_i H(m_i)$. We also consider Lagrangians depending on $\varepsilon$, as well as space-inhomogeneous Lagrangians and $H$-masses. Our result holds under mild assumptions on $f$, and covers in particular $\alpha$-masses in any dimension $N\geq 2$ for exponents $\alpha$ above a critical threshold, and all concave $H$-masses in dimension $N=1$. Our result yields in particular the concentration of Cahn-Hilliard fluids into droplets, and is related to the approximation of branched transport by elliptic energies.
Keywords: Branched transport, Concentration-compactness, semicontinuity, integral functionals, \(\Gamma\)-convergence, convergence of measures, Cahn-Hilliard fluids
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